Networking and Connectivity
Structured cabling, switching, Wi-Fi and routing designed as one system — not device installation in isolation.

Reference system
Symptoms
When this matters
If any of these describe your environment, this is the conversation to have.
- 01Wi-Fi coverage is inconsistent and nobody has measured where it actually fails.
- 02CCTV, guest and corporate devices share the same flat network.
- 03Cabling was never labelled or documented, so faults take hours to trace.
- 04A new site or floor needs to be added without a clear standard to copy.
- 05Remote access exists but was never properly secured or reviewed.
Scope
What KINNEX delivers
A network is the foundation every other KINNEX layer depends on — CCTV, access control, servers and firewalls all sit on top of it. KINNEX designs the topology first, so segmentation, capacity and redundancy are planned before a single cable is run, not retrofitted afterwards.
- Site survey, requirements, floor-plan review and wireless or cable pathway planning.
- Structured cabling, CAT6 or CAT6A, fibre backbone, testing, labelling and as-built documentation.
- Switching, routing, VLAN design, Wi-Fi, guest access, redundancy and secure remote connectivity.
- Rack, patch panel, UPS and cable-management coordination.
- Performance troubleshooting, heatmaps, capacity planning and multi-site standards.
Capability catalogue
Everything this covers
137 capabilities, scoped, sourced and delivered under one contract. Search for the exact term you use.
137 capabilities
Campus and enterprise LAN20
Access, distribution and core designed for the traffic you actually carry, with headroom for what comes next.
- Three-tier (access, distribution, core) and collapsed-core designs
- Spine-leaf fabrics for data-centre and high-east-west traffic
- Layer 2 and Layer 3 managed switches
- Switch stacking and virtual chassis
- MLAG, vPC and link aggregation (LACP)
- STP, RSTP and MSTP loop prevention
- VLAN design and inter-VLAN routing
- Static, OSPF, EIGRP and BGP routing
- HSRP, VRRP and first-hop redundancy
- PoE, PoE+ and PoE++ (IEEE 802.3bt) power budgeting
- Multigigabit access ports: 2.5G, 5G and 10GBASE-T
- 10G, 25G, 40G and 100G uplinks with SFP+, SFP28 and QSFP optics
- QoS and DSCP marking for voice, video and critical apps
- Multicast: IGMP snooping and PIM
- DHCP, DNS and IP address management (IPAM)
- Port security, DHCP snooping, dynamic ARP inspection and storm control
- 802.1X and network access control (NAC)
- Zero-touch provisioning and configuration templates
- Cloud-managed and on-premises controller models
- Switch configuration backup and change tracking
Wi-Fi: design to validation19
Capacity first, coverage second, then measured after install. See the Wi-Fi tools below.
- Wi-Fi 5, Wi-Fi 6, Wi-Fi 6E and Wi-Fi 7 (802.11ac, ax, be)
- Predictive, passive and active site surveys
- Post-installation validation survey and heat maps
- High-density design: classrooms, auditoriums, canteens, stadiums
- Indoor, outdoor and ruggedised access points
- Directional, sector and omni antennas
- Mesh and wireless backhaul
- Controller-based, controllerless and cloud-managed WLAN
- Guest Wi-Fi with captive portal: OTP, voucher, social and sponsor login
- Guest user logging and retention as per Indian telecom guidelines
- BYOD onboarding and device profiling
- WPA2 and WPA3 Personal and Enterprise, RADIUS and 802.1X
- Fast roaming (802.11r, k, v) for voice and video
- Channel, width and power planning, DFS and 6 GHz
- Band steering, airtime fairness and client load balancing
- BLE, RTLS and Wi-Fi location analytics
- IoT, scanner and handheld device segmentation
- Hospital, warehouse, hotel and hostel Wi-Fi
- Wi-Fi analytics, client health and capacity trends
WAN, internet and SD-WAN15
Links are bought from carriers; making several of them behave like one reliable network is engineering.
- Internet leased line (ILL), broadband and FTTH
- MPLS, VPLS and point-to-point or point-to-multipoint circuits
- Dual-ISP load balancing and automatic failover
- BGP multihoming and provider-independent IP space
- 4G and 5G failover and primary links
- VSAT and low-earth-orbit satellite for remote sites
- SD-WAN with application-aware routing and templates
- SASE and secure web gateway for branches
- Site-to-site IPsec VPN, DMVPN and VXLAN overlays
- Remote-access VPN, SSL VPN and ZTNA
- Cloud on-ramps: AWS Direct Connect and Azure ExpressRoute
- Link monitoring, jitter, latency and loss reporting
- Carrier SLA tracking and fault escalation
- Bandwidth planning and WAN optimisation
- Static public IP, NAT, CGNAT workarounds and IPv6 readiness
Structured cabling and fibre20
The part of the network that outlives every switch. Built to standard, tested, labelled and documented.
- Cat6, Cat6A and Cat8 copper, UTP and shielded
- TIA-568, ISO/IEC 11801 and TIA-942 compliant design practice
- OM3, OM4 and OM5 multimode and OS2 single-mode fibre
- Fusion splicing, mechanical splicing and termination
- OTDR, power-meter and Fluke DSX certification testing with reports
- Permanent-link and channel testing
- MPO and MTP trunks and pre-terminated assemblies
- Patch panels, fibre enclosures (LIU) and ODFs
- Horizontal, riser and campus backbone cabling
- MDF, IDF and telecom room design to TIA-569
- 42U and wall racks, cable management and cooling
- Labelling and records to TIA-606
- Containment: cable trays, trunking, conduit, HDPE duct, floor boxes
- Underground fibre: trenching, duct blowing, manholes
- Aerial and in-building riser fibre
- Firestopping and LSZH, plenum and riser-rated cable
- PoE-ready cabling: temperature rise and bundle sizing
- Coax, CATV and Ethernet-over-coax retrofits
- Passive optical LAN (GPON) for campuses and hospitality
- As-built drawings and test-report handover
Voice, video and network services8
- IP telephony, IP PBX and SIP trunking
- Contact-centre and hunt-group routing
- DNS, DHCP and NTP infrastructure
- RADIUS and TACACS+ authentication, authorisation and accounting
- Syslog, SNMP and NetFlow or sFlow collection
- Load balancers and application delivery controllers
- Web proxy and DNS filtering
- Video conferencing network readiness
Data-centre and server-room networking7
- Top-of-rack and end-of-row switching
- Leaf-spine fabrics with VXLAN and EVPN
- Fibre Channel and iSCSI storage networks
- Out-of-band management networks and console servers
- 10G, 25G, 40G and 100G server connectivity
- Redundant power and dual-homed uplinks
- Data-centre interconnect between sites
Multi-site and branch rollout19
Standardise once, deploy many times, track every site on one board.
- Standard branch design with a golden configuration and single-line diagram
- Branch-in-a-box and rack-in-a-box kits staged and tested before dispatch
- Staging, configuration and burn-in at a central warehouse
- Zero-touch and template-driven provisioning at scale
- IP addressing plan with summarisation, naming and VLAN conventions
- Master bill of quantities and per-site BOQ variants
- Site-readiness checklists: power, rack space, cooling, ISP hand-off, access
- Logistics, delivery tracking and receiving at each site
- Parallel multi-crew execution with regional field teams
- ISP circuit ordering, tracking and acceptance
- Per-site acceptance testing and signed completion
- Central monitoring cut-in and handover to operations
- Phased go-live, change windows and rollback plans
- Rollout dashboard: status, risks and blockers per site
- Programme governance: PMO, weekly reviews, risk and issue logs
- Per-site as-built documentation and asset tagging
- Spares strategy by region and AMC onboarding per site
- Post-rollout audit against the standard design
- Pan-India delivery through local specialist teams under one contract
Outdoor, campus and special environments9
- Campus-wide fibre rings and outdoor Wi-Fi
- Point-to-point and point-to-multipoint wireless bridges
- Hostel, hotel-room and residential-community networks
- Warehouse and yard Wi-Fi for scanners and vehicle terminals
- Hospital networks with clinical segmentation
- Manufacturing and industrial networks (see Industrial and OT)
- Event, stadium and temporary-site connectivity
- Smart-city, smart-pole and township networks
- Construction-site temporary networks
Assessment, design and documentation12
- Network health check and architecture assessment
- Topology discovery and asset inventory
- Capacity, utilisation and bottleneck analysis
- Single-point-of-failure and redundancy review
- Cabling audit and re-certification
- High-level and low-level design (HLD and LLD)
- IP plan, VLAN plan and addressing documentation
- BOQ, vendor comparison and migration plan
- Cutover plan, rollback plan and change records
- Performance baselining and iperf testing
- Packet capture and root-cause troubleshooting
- Factory and site acceptance testing
Operations and lifecycle8
- 24x7 or business-hours monitoring under SOP and SLA
- Configuration backup, change control and audit trail
- Firmware and patch management
- Capacity trending and growth planning
- End-of-life and end-of-support planning
- Critical spares and OEM back-to-back support
- Wireless re-survey and optimisation
- Annual network review and roadmap
Nothing listed under that term yet. If you need it, ask: we can usually source or deliver it through a specialist team. Tell us what you need.
The site, in 3D
One network from the riser to every floor
Fibre backbone up the building, structured cabling across each floor, Wi-Fi where people work, and links between buildings.
- Fibre risers
- Floor distribution
- Wi-Fi
- Site-to-site links
Real-time 3D illustration of a typical site, not a specific client project.
Use cases
Where this shows up
Typical situations that lead an organisation to this work.
01
A new office fit-out that needs cabling, Wi-Fi and switching designed from a blank floor plan.
02
An existing network being segmented so CCTV and guest traffic no longer share a VLAN with finance systems.
03
A multi-site business standardising network design so every branch is built the same way.
Planning tool
How many access points will the building need?
A first estimate from floor area, construction and the people using it, showing whether coverage or capacity sets the number.
Estimate
Access points
16APs
Set by coverage: the walls and floor area.
Active devices
210
Peak demand
630Mbps
PoE budget
320W
PoE+ (802.3at)
AP uplink
1 GbE
2.5 GbE preferred
How this is calculated
A wireless design must satisfy two limits, and the access point count is the larger. Coverage: each AP serves a cell sized for a usable 5 GHz signal (about −67 dBm, the usual target for voice and video), from roughly 110 m² behind brick and concrete to 420 m² on an open floor. Capacity: devices active together, against comfortable clients and realistic throughput per AP (Wi-Fi 5 30 clients / 250 Mbps; Wi-Fi 6 50 clients / 400 Mbps; Wi-Fi 6E 60 clients / 550 Mbps; Wi-Fi 7 75 clients / 800 Mbps).
These are conservative rule-of-thumb figures for budgeting. Ceiling height, glass, metal racking, lifts and neighbouring networks change the answer.
A predictive design on your floor plans, or an on-site survey, replaces the estimate with measured placement before any hardware is ordered.
Next: placement
See the signal on your own floor plan
Walls by material, access points where you put them, and a predicted heat map with coverage and roaming overlap.
Delivery method
How the work runs
Architecture before equipment. Validation before handover.
Stage 01 of 6
Assess
Site survey, floor plans, device density and existing cabling condition.
Stage 02 of 6
Design
Topology, VLAN segmentation, cabling routes and Wi-Fi coverage plan.
Stage 03 of 6
Implement
Cabling, switching, routing and access point deployment.
Stage 04 of 6
Validate
Cable testing, Wi-Fi heatmap verification and failover checks.
Stage 05 of 6
Document
As-built diagrams, labelling schedule and VLAN reference.
Stage 06 of 6
Support
Performance monitoring, capacity review and phased expansion planning.
How we take this on
One contract. The right specialist for every part
Your project is wider than any single team. We scope all of it, source all of it and carry the responsibility for all of it.
- 01
Scope
We survey, size and specify against standards and your operating reality, not against a brochure.
- 02
Source
Any make, any model, from the manufacturer, distribution or registered importers. GST-compliant invoicing, warranty and returns handled for you.
- 03
Deliver
KINNEX engineers do the work we do every day. Where a job needs a specialist, we bring in the right expert team as a sub-order under your single contract.
- 04
Own
One scope, one SOP, one SLA and one point of accountability, whoever is on site.
Standards and terms
Standards we design to, and the terms you will hear
Specifications are written against recognised standards. Here is the vocabulary, in plain language.
- IEEE 802.3 (Ethernet)
- IEEE 802.11 a/b/g/n/ac/ax/be (Wi-Fi)
- IEEE 802.1Q (VLAN), 802.1X (port access), 802.1D/w/s (spanning tree)
- IEEE 802.3ad (LACP) and 802.3af/at/bt (PoE)
- TIA-568 and ISO/IEC 11801 (cabling)
- TIA-569 (pathways), TIA-606 (labelling), TIA-942 (data-centre cabling)
- IEC 61935 (cabling test methods)
- ITU-T G.652 (single-mode fibre) and G.984 (GPON)
- WPA3 (Wi-Fi security)
- OSPF and BGP (IETF RFCs)
- MEF carrier Ethernet
- ISO/IEC 27001 aligned operating practices
- Access, distribution, core
- The three layers of a campus network: switches users plug into, the layer that aggregates them, and the backbone that joins everything.
- PoE budget
- The total power a switch can give to cameras, phones and access points. Exceed it and devices drop out.
- VLAN
- A way to split one physical network into separate logical ones, for example staff, guests, CCTV and servers.
- LACP
- Link aggregation: several cables used together as one faster, more resilient link.
- SD-WAN
- Software that steers traffic across several internet and private links, picking the best path for each application.
- ILL vs broadband
- A leased line has a guaranteed, symmetric bandwidth and a contracted repair time. Broadband is shared and best-effort.
- MPLS
- A carrier-managed private network joining your sites, with predictable performance.
- BGP multihoming
- Connecting to more than one ISP and advertising your own IP addresses to both, so a single failure does not drop you.
- Wi-Fi 6 / 6E / 7
- Wi-Fi generations. 6E adds the 6 GHz band; 7 adds wider channels and multi-link operation for lower latency.
- OFDMA / MU-MIMO
- Wi-Fi techniques that let one access point serve many devices at once, which is what makes dense rooms work.
- RSSI and SNR
- Signal strength, and how far that signal sits above background noise. Both matter for real throughput.
- 802.1X / NAC
- Devices must prove who they are before the network lets them on, and are placed on the right VLAN automatically.
- OM and OS fibre
- OM3, OM4, OM5 are multimode fibre grades for short links; OS2 is single-mode for long distance.
- OTDR
- An instrument that sends light down a fibre and maps every splice, connector and fault along its length.
- Certification testing
- Testing cabling against a published standard and printing a pass or fail report, rather than only checking that it carries a signal.
- Permanent link vs channel
- Permanent link is the fixed cabling alone. Channel includes the patch cords at both ends.
- SPOF
- Single point of failure: one device or link whose loss takes the network down.
- SOP and SLA
- The documented procedures for running the network, and the response and restoration targets agreed for it.
Brands
Any make. Sourced, supplied and supported
We specify against your requirement and standards, then source the right product from the manufacturer, distribution or registered importers. Delivered, installed and supported under one contract.
Networking, Wi-Fi and SD-WAN
Switching, routing, wireless, SD-WAN and application delivery.
Cisco
Aruba
Juniper Networks
Ubiquiti
TP-Link
D-Link
Netgear
Cambium Networks
Fortinet
Huawei
MikroTik
Arista Networks
Dell Technologies
Zyxel
Cisco Meraki
Alcatel-Lucent Enterprise
Allied Telesis
Array Networks
Show 19 more brands
F5
Citrix
Radware
HPE
VMware
Palo Alto Networks
Tejas Networks
Nokia
Ericsson
- Ruckus Networks
- Extreme Networks
- Ruijie Networks
- Juniper Mist
- Digisol
- A10 Networks
- Versa Networks
- Peplink
- Cradlepoint
- Teltonika
Structured cabling and passive infrastructure
Copper, fibre, patching, racks, enclosures and test equipment.
Belden
TE Connectivity
Molex
Siemon
Nexans
Finolex
D-Link
Schneider Electric
HellermannTyton
Corning
Fluke Networks
Prysmian
Amphenol
Havells
Leviton
Hubbell
Krone
Rittal
Show 20 more brands
VIAVI
Fujikura
Tyco
- Panduit
- CommScope
- Legrand
- R&M
- Polycab
- KEI
- RR Kabel
- Sterlite Technologies
- Systimax
- Anchor
- Optical Cable Corporation
- Dintek
- Netrack
- Valrack
- EXFO
- Fibrefab
- Lapp Group
Carriers and internet service providers
Leased lines, MPLS, broadband, SD-WAN underlay, 4G/5G and satellite.
Airtel
Jio
Vodafone Idea
BSNL
Hathway
Starlink
Hughes
Airtel Business
Jio Business
Cisco Meraki
Netgear
TP-Link
Huawei
- Tata Communications
- ACT Fibernet
- Sify
- Tata Tele Business Services
- Spectra
Show 15 more brands
- You Broadband
- Excitel
- Tikona
- Alliance Broadband
- Railtel
- PowerGrid
- Lumen
- Nelco
- Vi Business
- GTPL
- Den Networks
- SITI Networks
- Peplink
- Teltonika
- Cradlepoint
Firewalls and network security
Next-generation firewalls, UTM, VPN, secure web and zero trust access.
Sophos
Fortinet
Palo Alto Networks
WatchGuard
Barracuda Networks
Cisco Secure
Juniper Networks
SonicWall
Cloudflare
pfSense
OPNsense
Forcepoint
Netgear
Huawei
Ubiquiti
Tailscale
OpenVPN
WireGuard
Show 14 more brands
Array Networks
Kerio
Cisco Umbrella
Akamai
Imperva
F5
Radware
- Check Point
- Zscaler
- Cato Networks
- Netskope
- Versa Networks
- Stormshield
- Untangle
Product names, logos and brands are property of their respective owners and are used for identification only. Don't see what you need? We can usually source it, including through registered importers.Ask us.
Technology fit
The technology categories this work draws on.
- Enterprise switching and routing platforms
- Managed Wi-Fi and access-point systems
- Structured cabling and fibre-optic standards
- VPN and secure remote-access gateways
Reading
Related insights
Networking and Connectivity
A rollout playbook for banks, retail chains and multi-site businesses
One design, staged kits, scheduled installs and the same support everywhere. How to open or refit many sites without chaos.
Networking and Connectivity
Buying a network switch: what to compare beyond the port count
Switching capacity, PoE budget, uplinks, stacking, management and support terms decide whether a switch is still fit in five years.
Networking and Connectivity
Fibre types explained: OM3, OM4, OS2, multimode and single-mode
Which fibre to run between floors, buildings and campuses, and why connectors and transceivers must match.
Networking and Connectivity
VLANs explained: what they are, and how to plan them
Virtual LANs split one physical network into separate logical ones. A plain guide to numbering, trunking and the mistakes that cause outages.
Networking and Connectivity
Wi-Fi site surveys: predictive, passive and active, and when you need each
A survey turns guessing into a placement plan. How the three survey types differ and what you get from each.
Networking and Connectivity
Hotel Wi-Fi: designing for peak occupancy, not the average night
Per-room access points, corridor designs, high-density banquet halls and the back-of-house separation that keeps guests and operations apart.
Questions
Frequently asked questions
CAT6A suits higher-bandwidth runs and longer cable lengths than CAT6; fibre is used for backbone links between floors, buildings or racks where distance or interference rules out copper. The right choice depends on distances and future bandwidth needs, assessed during the site survey.
Through a heatmap survey after deployment, measuring signal strength and capacity across the actual floor plan rather than assuming coverage from access-point placement alone.
Yes. Networks are commonly upgraded floor by floor or site by site against a documented standard, so disruption is contained and each phase is validated before the next begins.
Through VLAN segmentation and firewall policy, so each traffic class is isolated and a compromise in one segment does not expose the others.
As-built network diagrams, a VLAN and IP addressing reference, cable labelling schedule and Wi-Fi coverage report.
Request a network assessment
Tell us the site, the constraint or the outcome you need, and we will come back with the right next step.


